We are never going to emulate Atlanta. There is no way that a player like Almiron would sign be allowed to sign for NYCFC and not CFG. This is not necessarily a bad thing as we can circumvent the cap like we have with Herrera.
Our own path and roadmap can be very successful.
1) Fill DP slots with best players we can afford
2) Get young loanees like Herrera from CFG that would normally cost us a DP slot because of the transfer fee
3) Continue to fill non-DP slots with CFG scouted international players that are a tier below talent wise from the PL level talent Man City is looking for (Mata, Callens, Ring, etc.)
4) Continue to target Generation Adidas players in SuperDraft
5) Look to fill the back of the roster with cap-free Academy talent. Sell any studs the academy develops.
I don't understand the logic of a hypothetical player like Almiron not being allowed to sign for NYCFC (because he could sign for CFG?) and signing for Atlanta instead. I mean, if Almiron signs with Atlanta is because of better $$$ than at Lanus and decent exposure to continue his career in Europe. If NYCFC were willing to spend on a transfer fee, there's no reason for the Almirons of the world not to sign for NYCFC, or Atlanta, or any other ambitious MLS outfit. CFG were not looking at Almiron, or otherwise they would have signed him, I mean they can beat Atlanta off a player any day. They are heavyweights of a different league.
CFG spent a lot less money in Herrera, and seems to have hit a jackpot, but that was CFG's gamble not Herrera's demand. His tiny Venezuelan club would very likely have released him to MLS for a reasonable fee, and at 18 Herrera would have been happy to come to MLS and earn 5x as much as he was. Herrera was not a super hot commodity, but was scouted well, and CFG may have beaten others to the punch. Of course, the idea of CFG signing promising 18 y.olds worldwide and loaning them to us is tempting, but I don't know if it'll be a modus operandi. And it has downsides: instability (like right now, with everybody fretting if Herrera will be back) and the chance of them not panning out. Same objection to your #2 argument. Herrera would have never cost us a DP slot 9 months ago, and maybe not even now, much as we love him. Ring and Chanot are TAM/GAM players, and Herrera has more upside but in terms of yearly salary is not worth more. In that sense Almiron, coming from Lanus at 22, was a much more established guy, an obvious DP.